Understanding the Freeze Response: Navigating Trauma in Therapy

In the world of therapy, understanding the intricacies of the freeze response can shed light on the experiences of our clients and guide our approach to healing. The freeze response, tonic immobility, and mobility are key states that correlate with what we observe in our offices. Let’s delve into these concepts and their implications for therapeutic work.

The Freeze Response: High Activation, Low Motion

The freeze response is a state of high sympathetic nervous system activation. Paradoxically, it is characterized by a slowing of the heart rate and a reduction in body sway. Individuals or animals in this state may appear still on the surface, but internally, they are highly activated. This response is part of the body's natural survival mechanism, commonly observed in situations of extreme threat or danger. While externally the individual may appear calm or motionless, internally, their body is preparing for potential action or defense.

Tonic Immobility: Trauma-Induced Paralysis

Tonic immobility, also known as trauma-induced paralysis, is the last stage of the human defense cascade. In this state, individuals may experience an involuntary inability to speak or move. Animals may enter tonic immobility to deter predators, and some may emerge from this state once the threat has passed. However, while in tonic immobility, they remain unable to move. This survival strategy, evolved in many species, including humans, is a response to overwhelming fear or trauma.

During tonic immobility, the brain produces acetylcholine, which helps reduce pain and induce drowsiness, preparing the body to cope with trauma and aiding in the healing process afterward. Understanding the neurobiological processes involved, such as the release of neurotransmitters like acetylcholine, can deepen our comprehension of this state.

Post-Immobility: Discharging Sympathetic Energy

Coming out of tonic immobility, individuals experience a surge of sympathetic energy that must be discharged, often manifested as shaking or tremors. This physiological response is vital for recovery from shock trauma. Allowing clients to express these responses in a supportive therapeutic environment aids in the integration and processing of traumatic memories.

Impact on Therapeutic Work

Understanding the differences between the freeze response, tonic immobility, and mobility can have a profound impact on our work with clients in several ways:

Conclusion

Overall, understanding the freeze response, tonic immobility, and the discharge of sympathetic energy equips therapists with valuable insights into the complex interplay between the mind and body during trauma. By integrating this knowledge into therapeutic practice, therapists can foster a deeper sense of safety, validation, and empowerment for their clients as they navigate the path to healing and recovery.

As always, with hope and light,

Helen Malinowski, LICS